川越培訓(xùn)學(xué)校整理：初中英語(yǔ)118組易錯(cuò)詞匯辨析，一定有你經(jīng)常記錯(cuò)用錯(cuò)的！

1.clothes, cloth, clothing

clothes 統(tǒng)指各種衣服，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞永遠(yuǎn)是復(fù)數(shù)，cloth 指布，為不可數(shù)名詞 clothing 服裝的總稱(chēng)，指一件衣服用 a piece of, an article of

2.incident, accident

incident 指小事件, accident 指不幸的事故 He was killed in the accident.

3.amount, number

amount 后接不可數(shù)名詞，number 后接可數(shù)名詞 a number of students

4.family, house, home

home 家，包括住處和家人，house 房子，住宅，family 家庭成員。

My family is a happy one.

5.sound, voice, noise

sound 自然界各種各樣的聲音，voice 人的嗓音，noise 噪音 I hate the loud noise outside.

6.photo, picture, drawing

photo 用照相機(jī)拍攝的照片，picture 可指相片，圖片，電影片，drawing 畫(huà)的畫(huà)

Let's go and see a good picture.

7.vocabulary, word

vocabulary 詞匯，一個(gè)人擁有的單詞量，word 具體的單詞 He has a large vocabulary.

8.population, people

population 人口，人數(shù)，people 具體的人 China has a large population.

9.weather, climate

weather 一天內(nèi)具體的天氣狀況，climate 長(zhǎng)期的氣候狀況

The climate here is not good for you.

10.road, street, path, way

road 具體的公路，馬路，street 街道，path 小路，小徑，way 道路，途徑

take this road; in the street, Show me the way to the museum.

11.course, subject

course 課程(可包括多門(mén)科目)，subject 科目(具體的學(xué)科)a summer course

12.custom, habit

custom 傳統(tǒng)風(fēng)俗，習(xí)俗，也可指生活習(xí)慣，后接 to do，habit 生活習(xí)慣，習(xí)慣成自然，后接 of doing.

I've got the habit of drinking a lot.

13.cause, reason

cause 指造成某一事實(shí)或現(xiàn)象的直接原因，后接 of sth./doing sth，reason 用來(lái)解釋某種現(xiàn)象或結(jié)果的理由，后接 for sth./doing sth.the reason for being late

14.exercise, exercises, practice

exercise 運(yùn)動(dòng)，鍛煉(不可數(shù))，exercises 練習(xí)(可數(shù))，practice(反復(fù)做的)練習(xí)。

Practice makes perfect.

15.class, lesson

作“課”解時(shí)，兩者可以替換。指課文用 lesson.指班級(jí)或全體學(xué)生用 class.Lesson 6; Class 5

16.speech, talk, lecture

speech 指在公共場(chǎng)所所做的經(jīng)過(guò)準(zhǔn)備的較正式的演說(shuō)，talk 日常生活中的一般的談話，講話，lecture

學(xué)術(shù)性的演講，講課 a series of lecture on …

17.officer, official

officer 部隊(duì)的軍官，official 政府官員 an army officer

18.work, job

二者均指工作。work 不可數(shù)，job 可數(shù) a good job。

19.couple, pair

couple 主要指人或動(dòng)物，pair 多指由兩部分組成的東西 a pair of trousers

20.country, nation, state, land

country 側(cè)重指版圖，疆域，nation 指人民，國(guó)民，民族，state 側(cè)重指政府，政體，land 國(guó)土，國(guó)家 The whole nation was sad at the news.

21.cook, cooker

cook 廚師，cooker 廚具 He is a good cook.

22.damage, damages

damage 不可數(shù)名詞，損害，損失; damages 復(fù)數(shù)形式，賠償金 $900 damages

23.police, policeman

police 警察的總稱(chēng)，后接復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，policeman 指某個(gè)具體的警察 The police are questioning everyone in the house.

24.problem, question

problem常和困難連系，前面的動(dòng)詞常為 think about, solve, raise，question 常和疑問(wèn)連系，多和ask, answer 連用。

25.man, a man

man 人類(lèi)，a man 一個(gè)男人 Man will conquer nature.

26.chick, chicken

二者均可指小雞，chicken 還可以當(dāng)雞肉 The chicken is delicious.

27.telegram, telegraph

當(dāng)電報(bào)解時(shí)，telegram 指具體的，telegraph 指抽象的 a telegram, by telegraph

28.trip, journey, travel, voyage

travel 是最常用的，trip 指短期的旅途，journey 指稍長(zhǎng)的旅途，voyage 指海上航行 a three-day trip

29.sport, game

sport 多指戶外的游戲或娛樂(lè)活動(dòng)，如打球，游泳，打獵，賽馬等;game 指決定勝負(fù)的游戲，通常有一套規(guī)則 His favorite sport is swimming.

30.price, prize

price 價(jià)格，prize 獎(jiǎng)，獎(jiǎng)品，獎(jiǎng)金 win the first prize The price is high/low.

31.a number of, the number of

a number of 許多，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。the number of … 的數(shù)目，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。The number of students is increasing.

32.in front of, in the front of

in front of 范圍外的前面，in the front of 范圍內(nèi)的前面 In the front of the room sits a boy.

33.of the day, of a day

of the day 每一天的，當(dāng)時(shí)的，當(dāng)代的，of a day 暫時(shí)的，不長(zhǎng)久的 a famous scientist of the day

34.three of us, the three of us

three of us 我們(不止三個(gè))中的三個(gè)，the three of us 我們?nèi)齻€(gè)(就三個(gè)人)The three of us--- Tom, Jack and I went to the cinema.

35.by bus, on the bus

by bus 表手段，方式，不用冠詞，on the bus 表范圍 They went there by bus.

36.for a moment, for the moment

for a moment 片刻，一會(huì)兒，for the moment 暫時(shí)，一時(shí) Thinking for a moment, he agreed.

37.next year, the next year

next year 明年，將來(lái)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，the next year 第二年，過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)

He said he would go abroad the next year.

成都市武侯實(shí)驗(yàn)小學(xué),成都市晉陽(yáng)小學(xué)附近有我校鄰近校區(qū)，可直接到對(duì)應(yīng)校區(qū)咨詢(xún)補(bǔ)習(xí)

38.more than a year, more than one year

more than a year 一年多，more than one year 超過(guò)一年(兩年或三年等)

39.take advice, take the(one's) advice

take advice 征求意見(jiàn)，take the advice 接受忠告 He refused to take the advice and failed again.

40.take air, take the air

take air 傳播，走漏，take the air 到戶外去，散步 We take the air every day.

41.in a word, in words

in a word 總之，一句話， in words 口頭上 In a word, you are right.

42.in place of, in the place of

in place of 代替，in the place of 在…地方 A new building is built in the place of the old one.

43.in secret, in the secret

in secret 秘密地，暗自地，偷偷地，一般用作狀語(yǔ);in the secret 知道內(nèi)情，知道秘密，一般用作表語(yǔ) My mother was in the secret from the beginning.

44.a girl, one girl

a girl 可泛指所有女孩, one girl 一個(gè)女孩 Can one girl carry such a big box?

45.take a chair, take the chair

take a chair 相當(dāng)于 sit down 坐下，take the chair 開(kāi)始開(kāi)會(huì)

46.go to sea, go to the sea,by sea, by the sea

go to sea 出航或是當(dāng)水手，go to the sea 到海邊去.

by?sea表示“經(jīng)海路”；?by?the?sea表示?“在海邊”

47.in charge of, in the charge of

in charge of 管理，負(fù)責(zé)照料， in the charge of 由……照料 He is in charge of the matter.The matter is in the charge of her.

48.in class, in the class

in class 在課上，in the class 在班級(jí)里 He is the best student in the class.

49.on fire, on the fire

on fire 著火, on the fire 在火上 Put the food on the fire.The house is on fire.

50.out of question, out of the question

out of question 毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)的，out of the question 不可能的

51.a second, the second

a second 又一，再一，the second 第…… He won the second prize.

52.by day, by the day

by day 白天，by the day 按天計(jì)算 The workers are paid by the day.

53.the people, a people

the people 指人，a people 指民族 The Chinese is a peace-loving people.

54.it, one

it 同一物體，one 同類(lèi)不同一 I lost my pen.I have to buy a new one.

55.that, this

that 指代上文所提到的，this 導(dǎo)出下文所要說(shuō)的 I was ill.That's why ….

56.none, nothing, no one

none 強(qiáng)調(diào)有多少，nothing, no one 強(qiáng)調(diào)有沒(méi)有，nothing 指物，no one 指人

--- How many …/ How much …? --- None.

57.anyone, any one

anyone 指人，不能接 of，any one 指人物均可，可接 of any one of you

58.who, what

who 指姓名或關(guān)系，what 指職業(yè)或地位 What is your dad? He is a teacher.

59.what, which

what 的選擇基礎(chǔ)是無(wú)限制的，which 在一定范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行選擇

Which do you prefer, bananas or apples?

60.other, another

other 后接名詞復(fù)數(shù)，another 后接名詞單數(shù) other students, another student

61.not a little, not a bit

not a little 非常，not a bit 一點(diǎn)也不 I'm not a bit tired.我一點(diǎn)兒也不累。

62.many, much, a lot of

many 和可數(shù)名詞連用，much 和不可數(shù)名詞連用，a lot of 可數(shù)，不可數(shù)均可，但不用于否定句I haven't many books.

63.much more … than, many more … than

much more … than 后接形容詞或不可數(shù)名詞，many more … than 后接可數(shù)名詞 many more people, much more water, much more beautiful

64.no, not

no = not a/any no friend = not a/any friend no water = not any water

65.no more than, not more than

no more than 相當(dāng)于 only，僅僅，只有，not more than 至多，不超過(guò)

66.majority, most

majority 只能修飾可數(shù)名詞，most 可數(shù)不可數(shù)均可 the majority of people

67.by oneself, for oneself, to oneself, of oneself

by oneself 單獨(dú)的，獨(dú)自的，for oneself 為自己，to oneself 供自己用的，of oneself 自行的，自動(dòng)的 The door opened of itself.

68.at all, after all

at all 根本，全然, after all 到底，畢竟 After all he is a child.

69.tall, high

tall 常指人或動(dòng)物，high 常指物體 He is tall.

70.fast, quickly

fast側(cè)重于指人或物體具有運(yùn)動(dòng)速度快的特點(diǎn)，quickly側(cè)重指某事完成或發(fā)生的快run fast, answer the question quickly

71.high, highly

high 具體的高，highly 抽象的高，高度的 think highly of

72.healthy, healthful

healthy 健康的，健壯的，healthful 有益于健康的 healthful exercise

73.sleeping, asleep, sleepy

sleeping 正在睡覺(jué)，asleep 睡著，熟睡，只能做表語(yǔ)，sleepy 困的，有睡意的

a sleeping baby The baby is asleep.I'm sleepy.

74.gold, golden

gold 指真金制品，golden 指金色的，但金魚(yú)用 gold fish, a gold ring

75.most, mostly

most 用于表感受的肯定句中，相當(dāng)于 very，當(dāng)大部分，大多數(shù)解時(shí)是形容詞或名詞，mostly 大部分，是副詞 most people, the people are mostly …

76.just, very

just 表強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)是副詞，作狀語(yǔ)，very 表強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)是形容詞，用作定語(yǔ) the very man, just the man

77.wide, broad

wide 側(cè)重于一邊到另一邊的距離，broad 側(cè)重于幅面的寬廣broad shoulders

78.real, true

real 真的，真實(shí)的，指的是事實(shí)上存在而不是想象的，true 真的，真正的，指的是事實(shí)和實(shí)際情況相符合，real gold, a true story

79.respectful, respectable

respectful 尊敬，有禮貌，respectable 可敬的，值得尊敬的 be respectful to the aged

80.outwards, outward

二者均可用作副詞，表示向外，外面，outward 還可用作形容詞 an outward voyage

81.pleasant, pleased, pleasing

pleasant 常用作定語(yǔ)，pleased, pleasing 常用作表語(yǔ)，pleased 主語(yǔ)常為人，pleasing 主語(yǔ)常為物 a pleasant trip The trip is pleasing.

82.understanding, understandable

understanding 明白事理的，能體諒的，understandable 可理解的，能夠懂的

an understanding girl, an understandable mistake

83.close, closely

close 接近，靠近，closely 緊緊地，緊密地 closely connected, stand close

84.ill, sick

ill 做表語(yǔ)，sick 定，表均可 a sick boy

85.good, well

good 形容詞，well 副詞，但指身體狀況是形容詞 He is well again.

86.quiet, silent, still

quiet 安靜的，可以發(fā)出小的聲音，silent 不發(fā)出聲音，但可以動(dòng)，still 完全不動(dòng)，完全無(wú)聲響

He stand there still.他站在那兒，一動(dòng)不動(dòng)，也不說(shuō)話。

87.hard, hardly

hard 努力，hardly 幾乎不 work hard, I can hardly believe it.

88.able, capable

able 與不定式 to do 連用，capable 與 of 連用 He is capable of doing …

89.almost, nearly

二者均為“幾乎,差不多”和否定詞連用用 almost almost nobody

90.late, lately

late 遲，晚，lately 最近，近來(lái) I haven't seen him lately.

91.living, alive, live, lively

living, alive, live 均為活著的，living 定表均可，alive 定表均可，定語(yǔ)后置，live 只能做定語(yǔ)，lively 意為活波的 all the living people = all the people alive

92.excited, exciting

excited 使人興奮的，exciting 令人興奮的 I'm excited.The news is exciting.

93.deep, deeply

deep 具體的深，deeply 抽象的深，深深地 deeply moved, dig deep

94.aloud, loud

aloud 出聲地，loud 大聲地 read aloud (出聲地讀)

95.worth, worthy

二者均為值得，worth 后接 doing，worthy 后接 to be done

96.care about, care for

care about 關(guān)心，計(jì)較，在乎，一般多用于否定句中;care for 關(guān)心，照料，喜歡，愿意

He doesn't care about his clothes.I don't care for movies.

97.catch a cold, have a cold

catch a cold 不能和表示“一段時(shí)間”的狀語(yǔ)連用，而 have a cold 可以She has had a cold for a week.

98.change for, change into

change for 調(diào)換成，change into 變成

Change the shirt for a bigger one.Water changes into ice.

99.continue, last

二者均為持續(xù)，continue 主動(dòng)，被動(dòng)均可，last 只能用主動(dòng)

The war continued/lasted five years.The story is to be continued.

100.feed, raise

feed 喂養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)活，飼養(yǎng) (to give food to)，raise 飼養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)育 (cause to grow, bring up children)

raise the family

101.go for a doctor, go to a doctor

go for a doctor 去請(qǐng)醫(yī)生，go to a doctor 去看病

102.notice, observe, catch sight of

notice 注意到，observe 觀察，仔細(xì)地看，catch sight of 突然看到 observe the stars

103.insist on, stick to

insist on 堅(jiān)持要求，后常接 doing, stick to 堅(jiān)持, 后常接 sth., stick to the plan

104.look, seem, appear

look 指從外表上看，seem 指內(nèi)心的判斷，appear 指給人以表面的印象 appear wise,look like his father

105.gather, collect

gather 把分散的東西集中到一起，collect 指精心地、有選擇地進(jìn)行收集 collect stamps

106.mean to do, mean doing

mean to do 打算，想要做某事，mean doing 意思是，意味著

By this I mean giving the students more practice.

107.die from, die of

die from 表示死于(槍)傷，虛弱，過(guò)度勞累，飲食過(guò)度等，die of 表示死于疾病，饑餓，寒冷，年老，憂愁，失戀等精神因素 die of hunger and cold

108.pay for, pay back, pay off

pay for 為…付錢(qián)，pay back 還錢(qián)，但不一定還清，pay off 還清 pay for the book, pay off the debt

109.divide, separate

divide 把一個(gè)整體分成幾部分，separate 把連在一起的個(gè)體分開(kāi)

divide the apple, separate the houses

110.arrive, get, reach

arrive 后接 in (大地點(diǎn))，at(小地點(diǎn))，get 不及物動(dòng)詞后接to，reach 及物動(dòng)詞

arrive in Beijing, get to Beijing, reach Beijing

111.grow, plant

grow 使某種植物在某地生長(zhǎng)著或使其發(fā)展下去，plant 移植，移栽已經(jīng)長(zhǎng)成秧苗的植物plant the trees, trees are growing

112.manage, try

manage to do 設(shè)法做成了某事，try to do 盡力去做某事但不一定成功

He tried to pass the exam, but he failed.

113.choose, select

choose 憑個(gè)人的判斷力進(jìn)行選擇，select 有目的地仔細(xì)認(rèn)真地選擇

choose the best answer

114.build, put up, set up, found

build 一般用語(yǔ)，建成，put up 臨時(shí)搭建，set up 建成(內(nèi)部的設(shè)施基本齊全)，

found 國(guó)家或組織的建成 put up a tent, set up a school

115.be familiar to, be familiar with

be familiar to 某物對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)是熟悉的，be familiar with 某人熟悉某物

The book is familiar to me.I'm familiar with the book.

116.agree with, agree to, agree on

agree with 同意某人，agree to 同意某事，agree on 在…上達(dá)成一致意見(jiàn)，主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)

agree with you, agree to the plan

115.throw to, throw at

throw to 扔到……, throw at 朝……扔 He throw a stone at me.

116.receive, accept

receive 收到某一東西，但不一定接受，accept 接受 

I received a gift, but I didn't accept it.

117.wear, put on, dress

wear 和 dress 表狀態(tài), wear 接衣服等，可用進(jìn)行時(shí)，dress 接人，be dressed in, put on 表動(dòng)作It's cold outside.Put on your warm clothes.

118.listen, hear

listen 強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作，hear 強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果

I listened, but I heard nothing.

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